Monday 17 December 2012

The disaster of Hellenic, The Mediterranean – ancient believes and what we know now.



The Mediterranean is full of beautiful vistas but this stunning scenery is more than just a feast for the eyes.  Throughout history, the landscape has had a major influence on how we believed our planet works.  Civilisations around the Mediterranean held a fantastic range of beliefs about how the world worked.

In ancient Greece a whole legion of supernatural beings are believed to have ruled the earth.  There were numerous different gods to whom great temples were dedicated, plus assorted nymphs who lived in streams and trees and a range of hideous monsters.  Your average Greek citizen believed that these beings were responsible for absolutely everything from love to hate, to harvest and death.

The Greek gods who looked down on the world from heaven above appeared to be a vengeful bunch, ruling over earth with an iron fist.  Not surprisingly, the accent Greeks were keen to keep these mortals happy otherwise they could be in for a rough ride.  One god they really didn’t want to upset was the feared earth shaker, ruler of the sea, the mighty Poseidon. 

Poseidon was notorious for his bad temper; displeased he would cause volcanoes to erupt, the earth to shake and the sea to surge.  The ancients offered lavish gifts for Poseidon, in the hope he wouldn’t visit them with his roth, but despite their best efforts, throughout ancient Greek history, this particular god would often flex his muscles. One place where Poseidon was said to have inverted his fury with extraordinary effort was the Gulf of Corinth in North Penoploese of Mainland Greece.   Archaeologists believe that there once stood an ancient and once thriving city, Hellenic, built as a sacred place to worship Poseidon but despite this, he struck the city with total catastrophe and the sea swallowed it up. 

We now believe that the real cause of the catastrophe wasn’t Poseidon’s fury, but a fault in the earth, which has a habit of making the ground in front of it suddenly drop.  The Hellenic fault is clearly visible as a sheer rock face, which runs for over 19miles.  It was made naturally, as a result of a geological tug of war.  The earth service is broken up into what’s called, tectonic plates, and the whole of Greece sits on the Southern edge of one of those called the European Plate.  We now know that this plate is being pulled by its neighbour the African plate.  I am sure most people who have studied or read anything on earth science will be very much aware of what happens at these plate boundaries, but for anyone who isn’t aware I will give a simple explanation with an analogy. 

As the plates get tugged, it stretchers, that is because the rocks deep underground are so hot that they act like gluey caramel, think of the inside of a mars bar, but, at the surface, the crust is rigid, think of the outer chocolate coating of that mars bar… it doesn’t stretch when you pull it apart right, it forms a crack, which is exactly what we can see in earth, as a fault line.  But, like anything, it is not that simple.  The earth just doesn’t open up.  Here is another analogy.  Suppose this fault was represented as a gap between too books, when the rigid crust is pulled from either side, the fault moves by going on a slant, one side of the fault goes up, the other side goes down.  This phenomena was felt at this fault in a earthquake in 1861, and the evidence is that deep grooves appeared in the rock, appearing in seconds, the rock on one side slid down, scratching the surface of the other as it went, and this is the secret to how Hellenic was destroyed.  The ground beneath it was crashing all the way down below sea level allowing the waters of the Mediterranean to crash in and completely submerge the city.  Although this at that time was believed to be done by the roth of the gods, this particular disaster influenced a famous Greek philosopher to think differently.

 Aristotle, who may have been the first gem of irrational geological thought, introducing a new paradigm shift towards the science of the inner workings of the earth.  What an awesome dude :)

To be continued.........





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